据石油新闻12月21日报道报道，全球炼油地图正在重新绘制。简单传统的炼油厂正在被复杂的大型炼油厂所取代。与此同时，境况不佳的炼油厂(尤其是欧洲和美国的炼油厂)要么被关闭，要么被从生产传统石油产品转向生物精炼厂，而中间馏分油正在逐渐被石油化工产品取代。
进入2021年，原油将被果断地进入中东-亚洲炼油厂。COVID-19危机并没有使中东-亚洲炼油厂远离原油，而是加快了建立新石油秩序的过程。
亚洲和中东地区的许多新炼油厂有的已在2020年投产，有的将在2021年前后投入运营，这将导致这个地区日增300万桶的额外炼油产能，而此时此刻正值炼油利润率大幅缩水，全球其他地方的炼油厂有的关闭，有的大幅减少开工率。
与此同时，科威特石油公司（KPC）旗下具有日加工61.5万桶原油能力的祖尔炼油厂和沙特阿美旗下具有日加工40万桶原油能力的吉赞炼油厂将在2021年先后投产。
到2022年，亚洲和中东地区将有更多新炼油厂投产。印度正在建设一个具有日加工120万桶原油能力的巨型炼油厂，预计将在2025年前后建成。尼日利亚的丹格特炼油厂将在未来几年内投产，届时尼日利亚原油日加工能力将再增加65万桶。
李峻 编译自石油新闻
原文如下：
Middle East-Asia oil sectors to shape global refining revolution
The global oil refining map is being redrawn. Simple, traditional refineries are being superseded by complex mega-plants. Meanwhile, the ailing downstream sector, particularly in Europe and the US, is either shutting down or shifting away from classic oil products to bio-refineries, and middle distillates are losing popularity to petrochemicals.
Moving into 2021, oil will be pulled more decisively into the Middle East-Asia nexus.
The COVID-19 crisis has not so much pushed the industry away from crude but rather sped up the process of establishing a new oil order -- A host of new refineries in Asia and the Middle East have either arrived Most refining roads lead to China.
The 800,000 b/d Zhejiang Petroleum & Chemical (ZPC) refinery was launched in 2020 and will be joined by 1 million b/d in additional capacity from several other refineries in the country, according to Platts data.
China's share of CDU capacity in the region is set to have increased from 40% in 2010 to half of regional capacity by 2022, potentially even squeezing out other Asian refiners, from Australia to the Philippines.
Meanwhile, KPC's 615,000 b/d Al-Zour refinery in Kuwait and Saudi Aramco's 400,000 b/d Jazan refinery are lining up for 2021 start dates.
There is more to come from both China and the Middle East in 2022, while India is building a 1.2 million b/d mega-plant due mid-decade and Nigeria's Dangote refinery, which could be launched in the next couple of years, would add an extra 650,000 b/d.