据油价网6月30日消息称，国际能源署(IEA)周三表示，作为低碳电力“被遗忘的巨人”，水电将需要重大政策支持，以帮助加速太阳能和风能发电的发展，使世界走上净零目标的轨道。
IEA 估计，水力发电目前占全球发电总量的六分之一，是低碳电力的最大单一来源，比其他所有可再生能源的总和还要多。
这个总部位于巴黎的机构在其关于这种能源的第一份报告《水电特别市场报告》中说，到 2020 年，水电是仅次于煤炭和天然气的第三大发电来源。
根据国际能源署的数据，过去20年里，全球水力发电能力跃升了70%，但由于风力、太阳能、天然气和燃煤发电能力的增加，其发电份额一直保持稳定。
在印度、土耳其和埃塞俄比亚的推动下，全球的水力发电能力预计将在这十年增长17%。不过，IEA称，本10年的预估增长速度较前10年放缓近25%。
该机构表示，各国政府需要制定强有力的政策措施，扭转水电增长放缓的趋势。
国际能源署执行主任Fatih Birol在一份声明中称:“水电是被遗忘的清洁电力巨头，如果各国认真考虑实现净零排放目标，就需要将水电直接列入能源和气候议程。”
Birol补充说:“如果水电项目以可持续和气候适应的方式开发，在许多国家转向越来越高的太阳能和风能份额过程中，水电的优势可以使其自然成为安全过渡的推动器。”
然而，最近的一些大型水电项目，举个例子:今年加州发生了一场比以往更为严重的干旱，耗尽了水库和湖泊，其中包括一些最大的水电设施的水源，使加州再次面临今夏热浪袭来时停电的风险。
曹海斌 摘译自 油价网
原文如下：
IEA: World Needs ‘Forgotten Giant’ Hydropower For Net-Zero Goals
Hydropower, the “forgotten giant” of low-carbon electricity, will need major policy support to help accelerate the expansion of solar and wind power and put the world align="justify"> Hydropower currently provides align="justify"> In 2020, hydropower was the third?largest electricity generation source after coal and natural gas, the Paris-based agency said in its first report align="justify"> Global hydropower capacity has jumped by 70 percent over the past 20 years, but its share of electricity generation has remained stable because of increased generation from wind, solar, natural gas, and coal-fired capacity, according to the IEA.
This decade, hydropower capacity worldwide is forecast to rise by 17 percent, driven by India, Turkey, and Ethiopia. However, the projected growth for this decade is nearly 25 percent slower than the expansion in the previous decade, the IEA said.
Governments need to enact strong policy actions to reverse the slowdown in hydropower growth, the agency said.
“Hydropower is the forgotten giant of clean electricity, and it needs to be put squarely back align="justify"> “Hydropower’s advantages can make it a natural enabler of secure transitions in many countries as they shift to higher and higher shares of solar and wind – provided that hydropower projects are developed in a sustainable and climate-resilient way,” Birol added.
Yet, recent major hydropower projects, Case in point: a more severe than usual drought in California this year has depleted reservoirs and lakes, including the ones feeding some of the largest hydropower facilities, putting the state again at risk of power outages during heatwaves this summer.