据能源世界网8月11日墨尔本报道，周三英国石油公司(BP)基于一项研究结果表示，在澳大利亚大规模生产绿色氢和绿色氨在技术上是可行的，但需要在港口、电力和供水服务方面进行大量投资。
这项由澳大利亚可再生能源署(ARENA)支持的研究着眼于建设一个示范工厂和一个年产100万吨的设施，其中一个由可再生能源驱动的电解槽将水分解成氢气，氢气将用于制造绿色氨。
作为世界上最大的煤炭出口国和第二大液化天然气出口国，澳大利亚希望开发绿色氢来取代化石燃料，以推动全球减少碳排放。
计划每年在低碳上投资50亿美元的英国石油公司发现，西澳大利亚的中西部地区是大规模生产绿色氢的一个特别有前景的地方，因为那里有广阔的土地，丰富的风能和阳光。
BP澳大利亚总裁弗雷德里克·鲍德里 (Frederic Baudry) 在一份声明中表示，重要的是，我们的研究还证实了这些难以削减碳排行业的潜在客户的强劲需求，无论是本地市场还是出口市场。这有可能将澳大利亚定位为能源转型的区域强国。
难以减排的行业包括钢铁制造和长途运输。
这项由GHD工程公司完成的研究发现，发展氢工业将依赖于政府的支持，包括建设输电线路、扩大港口、提供激励和设定排放目标。
GHD表示，缺乏碳价格或排放上限是吸引氢等可再生技术投资的关键障碍。
澳大利亚政府拒绝为碳定价或承诺到2050年实现净零排放。
GHD没有给出商业规模工厂的成本估算。
BP表示，将与其他公司合作，制定西澳大利亚绿色氢项目的计划。
另外，澳大利亚的 Origin Energy 和日本的三井 OSK Lines 表示，他们将共同研究从 2026 年起澳大利亚绿色氨项目如何供应市场。
郝芬 译自 能源世界网
原文如下：
BP sees potential for green hydrogen, ammonia plant in Australia
The production of green hydrogen and green ammonia is technically feasible at scale in Australia, but will require a major investment in port, electricity and water services, BP said align="justify"> The study, supported by the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA), looked at building a demonstration plant and a 1 million tonnes a year facility, with an electrolyser powered by renewable energy to split water to produce hydrogen, which would be used to make green ammonia.
Australia, the world's top coal exporter and the second largest exporter of liquefied natural gas, wants to develop green hydrogen to replace fossil fuels in a global push to cut carbon emissions.
BP, which plans to spend $5 billion a year align="justify"> "importantly, our study also confirmed strong demand from potential customers in the hard-to-abate sectors, and for both local and export markets," BP Australia President Frederic Baudry said in a statement.
"This has the potential to position Australia as a regional powerhouse of the energy transition," Baudry said.
Hard-to-abate sectors include steel making and long-haul transport.
The study, done by engineering firm GHD, found developing a hydrogen industry would depend align="justify"> "The absence of a carbon price or emissions cap is a key barrier to attracting investment in renewable technologies such as hydrogen," GHD said.
The Australian government has refused to set a price align="justify"> GHD gave no cost estimates for a commercial scale plant.
BP said it would work with others to develop plans for green hydrogen projects in Western Australia.
Separately, Australia's Origin Energy and Japan's Mitsui OSK Lines said they would jointly study how Australian green ammonia projects could supply markets from 2026.