中国石化新闻网讯 据阿拉伯贸易网2022年11月16日沙姆沙伊赫报道，国际可再生能源署(Irena)的一份新报告认为，七国集团（G7）成员国可以在低碳和绿色氢气部署方面走在全球前列。总体而言，到2050年前，G7成员国的氢气消耗量可能会增长4到7倍。
在埃及沙姆沙伊赫举行的联合国气候变化会议COP27峰会上发表的《七国集团加速氢气部署：氢气行动协定的建议》指出，G7成员国有一些最有利的条件，如资本的获取、重工业的存在、可再生能源的可用性、当地现有的绿色氢气产业和专有技术。
G7承诺到2050年前实现净零排放，这需要大量部署绿色氢气。这也将最终用途和难以减少碳排放的部门，如化工生产、炼钢、长途航空和航运，集中到脱碳阶段。持续较低的可再生能源成本使绿色氢气成为一种有吸引力的，即使不是唯一的脱碳选择。
经济足迹
Irena总干事Francesco La Camera说：“G7的经济足迹相当可观，占全球能源需求的30%。通过联合行动和集中合作，G7可以成为先行者，并根据《氢气行动协定》确定未来氢气市场的条件。”
他补充说：“政策制定者还必须展示领导力，与国际社会分享知识、资金和政策实际经验，在世界其他地方复制机会和最佳做法。至关重要的是，在国际合作的推动下，新兴的氢气市场有可能更具包容性，对发达国家和发展中国家都有机会。必须公开明确的意图，向投资者和行业发出信心信号。”
协调政策制定
这份新报告鼓励G7建立一个框架，以协调政策制定和作出具体承诺，统一氢气标准和认证，分享早期实施的经验教训，平衡对供应和创造需求的关注，促进工业应用中的氢气吸收，并与工业利益攸关方和民间社会开展更有针对性的合作。
尽管G7有可能消耗约28%的全球氢气，但2020年G7成员国的氢气总需求约为2420万吨，主要来自化石燃料。美国是G7中最大的氢气消费国，紧随其后的是欧盟。
2010年至2020年期间，全球申请的6.5万项氢气专利资料中，G7成员国占50%，其中三分之二来自日本。在G7成员国中，欧盟和德国的目标是在工业发展的基础上成为技术出口国。到去年年底前，全球大约一半的电解槽制造商在欧洲。
李峻 编译自 油价网
原文如下：
G7 net zero pledges to drive up hydrogen demand 7 times
G7 members can be the front runners in low carbon and green hydrogen deployment, a new report by the International Renewable Energy Agency (Irena) contends. Overall, the consumption of hydrogen by G7 countries could grow between four and seven times by 2050.
Published at the UN Climate Change Conference COP27 in Sharm El-Sheikh, “Accelerating Hydrogen Deployment in G7: Recommendations for the Hydrogen Action Pact” sees some of the most favourable conditions like access to capital, presence of heavy industry, availability of renewable sources, existing local green hydrogen industry and technical know-how in G7 countries.
The commitment by G7 to reach net zero emissions by 2050 will require a significant deployment of green hydrogen. This also centre-stages the decarbonisation of end uses and hard-to-abate sectors like chemical production, steelmaking, long-haul aviation and shipping. Continuously low renewable power costs have made green hydrogen an attractive, if not the>Economic footprint
Irena’s Director-General Francesco La Camera said: “G7 has a sizeable economic footprint, accounting for 30 per cent of global energy demand. Through joint action and focused collaboration, it can be a first mover and determine the conditions of a future hydrogen market in line with the Hydrogen Action Pact.”
He added: “Policymakers must also show leadership by sharing knowledge, finance and policy know-how with the international community to replicate opportunities and best practices everywhere else in the world. Crucially, with international co-operation, the emerging hydrogen market has the potential to be more inclusive, with opportunities for developed and developing countries alike. Clear intent must be broadcast, to signal confidence to investors and industry.”
Align policy making
The new report encourages a G7 framework to align policy making and make concrete commitments to harmonise hydrogen standards and certification, share lessons from early implementation, balance the focus>While G7 has the potential to consume around 28% of global hydrogen, the aggregated hydrogen demand for G7 members was about 24.2 million tonnes of hydrogen in 2020, mostly from fossil fuels. The US was the largest consumer in G7, closely followed by the European Union.
Out of the 65,000 hydrogen patents filed globally between 2010 and 2020, G7 members accounted for 50% with two-thirds coming from Japan. Of the G7 members, the European Union as a whole and Germany aim to become technology exporters, building on their industrial development. By the end of 2021, roughly half of all electrolyser manufacturers were in Europe.