据今日油价网站12月17日消息 彭博社研究机构BloombergNEF周四表示，受油价暴跌和需要调整以适应较低石油需求的压力，美国产油商已大幅削减成本，并设法将平均盈亏平衡成本降低近20%，至每桶45美元。
根据BloombergNEF的估计，美国石油生产商已将其平均盈亏平衡成本从去年的平均每桶56.50美元降至目前的每桶45美元。美国页岩区一些产量最高的地区，如二叠纪盆地和鹰福特盆地的核心地带，甚至已经看到盈亏平衡成本从去年的每桶44美元下降到现在的平均每桶36.50美元。
所有公司，从最小的钻探公司到最大的公司，今年都在减少资本支出以应对油价暴跌。在石油需求和油价复苏不确定的情况下，它们明年将继续表现出支出纪律。
由于油价和石油需求的暴跌，美国钻井公司迅速实施了大幅削减成本的措施。因此，他们提高了效率，优化了油井和油田作业，并重新谈判了合同。
本月早些时候，BNEF表示，尽管过去一年，美国页岩气区块的盈亏平衡进一步减少，但仅钻井成本的下降可能不足以帮助生产商在今年经济低迷后提高产量。
达拉斯联储9月底发布的第三季度能源调查显示，154家石油和天然气公司的多数高管（66%）认为美国石油产量已经见顶。
美国能源情报署（EIA）上月表示，到2021年底，美国原油总产量将保持在目前约1100万桶/日的水平，因为新的钻探活动不足以抵消现有油井的下降。
王磊 摘译自 今日油价
原文如下：
U.S. Shale Patch Reduced Breakeven Costs By 20% This Year
Pressured by plunging oil prices and the need to adjust to the lower oil demand, U.S. oil producers have slashed costs and managed to bring down their average breakeven costs by nearly 20 percent to $45 a barrel According to BloombergNEF’s estimates, U.S. oil producers have cut their average breakeven costs from an average of $56.50 per barrel last year to $45 a barrel now. Some of the most prolific areas in the U.S. shale patch, such as the core of the Permian and Eagle Ford basins, have even seen breakeven costs dropping to an average of $36.50 per barrel now, from $44 a barrel last year.
All companies, from the smallest driller to the largest corporations, have reduced capital spending this year in response to the collapse in oil prices, and they will continue to show spending discipline next year amid the uncertain recovery of oil demand and oil prices.
Due to the plunge in oil prices and oil demand, U.S. drillers quickly implemented drastic cost cuts. As a result, they improved efficiencies, optimized well and field operations, and renegotiated contracts, BNEF said.
Earlier this month, BNEF said that even though the U.S. shale patch had further reduced its breakevens over the past year, the decline in drilling costs alone may not be sufficient to help producers to lift production after this year’s downturn.
The Third-Quarter Dallas Fed Energy Survey from the end of September showed that most executives from 154 oil and gas firms—66 percent—believe U.S. oil production has already peaked.
Total U.S. crude oil production is set to remain close to its current levels of around 11 million barrels per day (bpd) through the end of 2021, as new drilling activity will not be enough to offset declines from existing wells, the Energy Information Administration (EIA) said last month.